Absence of Menstrual Periods - Amenorrhea

Diagnosis & Tests

How is the condition diagnosed?

Amenorrhea is generally not life threatening, but it may be linked to certain health problems. When a woman reports it, her doctor will take a medical history and do a physical exam. He or she may also recommend:

  • a pregnancy test
  • hormone tests
  • special blood tests if a girl has not developed breasts or pubic hair by age 14
  • blood tests if a girl or woman has breast discharge, headaches, vision changes, too much body hair or weight

    • These tests measure:

  • HCG hormone, which is a marker for pregnancy
  • follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is important in regulating the menstrual cycle
  • estradiol level, the main estrogen in the body
  • thyroid function
  • prolactin, a hormone associated with certain tumors or thyroid gland abnormalities
  • chromosome abnormalities that may prevent menstruation

    • Some tumors of the pituitary gland may cause elevated prolactin levels. Special X-rays of the head can show tumors in the pituitary.